Sea transportation

Sea transportation is an important part of the international trading system. In the past, now and in the future, it is the only way of transportation with longer time and lower freight than other transportation. Sea freight is a factor affecting the trade competitiveness in the global market. Therefore, people involved in the import and export of goods should study and understand various elements. Important matters concerning maritime transportation are as follows: relevant personnel involved in the transportation of marine products

Persons involved in the transportation of marine products include:

-Ship owner

-Ship charterer

-Shipping agent & Freight Forwarder

-Shipper or exporter

-Consignee

-Notify Party

Transport service providers include:

1. Shipping company or shipping agent

2. Shipping agent

The roles and responsibilities of maritime service providers are as follows:

Shipping agent

The shipping agent is the authorized person of the ship owner. The operator who becomes the owner has the following general responsibilities as the transportation agent at the source port and destination port:

• transportation for importers and exporters

• issue bills of lading to exporters

• send bill of lading or telex release bill of lading to the importer

• sea freight

Sea transportation has become popular. Because of the low cost, it is suitable for large or large products, but the limitation is that customers are affected by the delay problem for a long time. Usually, each ship has an accurate transportation schedule, but sometimes the shipping schedule may be changed due to the extension of transportation time caused by bad weather, seasonal product tension or other uncontrollable factors. The shipper shall plan the transportation time and reserve time.

Service type

1. Container

• LCL LCL is the bulk cargo less than one cabinet. If the quantity of the sender's goods is small, the freight shall be calculated and charged in USD / CBM (cubic meter).

• FCL is a package of whole containers, and the product belongs to only one customer. The freight is USD / cont. The cabinet is divided into 20 foot, 40 foot and 40 foot high cabinets.

• frrfer is a container equipped with refrigeration. Used to store food and products requiring temperature control.

Importance of maritime transport

• cause ongoing business such as freight forwarding

• customs broker

• multimodal transport

• logistics services

The marine transportation system consists of the following components:

• shipment from one port to another

• activities at relevant ports

• loading and unloading cargo from the ship

• sorting and packaging products

• handling of goods

• product storage

• transportation of the product from the port of departure is linked to the recipient of the product, or vice versa.

• related business

• shipyard business

• inland container warehouse, ICD

• freight forwarders

• customs broker

• multimodal transport

• logistics services

Maritime Service Mode:

• liner service with precise route plan will generate certain freight

• tramp service, depending on the employer or according to the agreement between the employer and the contractor

Shipping goods (vessel)

• bulk carriers

• bulk loading

• container ships

• the ro-ro product ship uses the transportation system. From the ship, it may be a container, a machine and a car

Transportation of container system. This type of transportation is the development of maritime transportation developed from the past. There are advantages due to the necessity of product conditions and transportation costs. It is convenient to lift or move the product

• ship to shore

• inside the wharf

• from the port of the goods to the consignee

• use of multimodal transport systems (e.g. cars) train / train to ship / ship to car

• save labor costs

Container type

• standard size, 8 feet wide and 8 feet 6 inches high

• 20 foot long (short cabinet) and 40 foot long cabinet, 45 feet long (only applicable to some ships)

• temperature control cabinet (reefer)

• it is a portable refrigerator with thermal insulation or a thermal system

• special cabinets

• designed for goods that look special, such as filling gas and liquid, should be broken or the outside needs to be closed

• Container Services